Ivan Ilyitch and Wasted Lives Essay

The stories dealt with in this paper receivek happiness in the wrong places. They stress the failures of recent tone, the falsity of success and the elusiveness of happiness when it is not grounded in virtue. Virtuous and simple living are the last things to be discussed in these stories, only if happiness is searched for according to the easiest and almost sensual manners possible. Modern society has failed to bring happiness and fulfillment, and these stories tell as to why. What is terrible about modern life history is the definitions of happiness and fulfillment based on specie and mixer standing.It is roundly condemned by journalists and moralists, yet re main(prenominal)s as powerful as ever as motivating circumstanceors in behavior. In Tolstoys famous Death of Ivan Ilyitch, the films hero, Ivan, is a lawyer, a member of the prestigious judicial council (127) who has recently taken ill, as lies in his last few hours considering his life. His main concern throughout h is life is what Tolstoy c all(prenominal)s comme il faut, that is, the maintaining of appearances regardless of circumstances. Even his marriage was based on friendly standing and on the opinions of gamey society, rather than love (130).In The Necklace, the young woman wants the necklace that nearly destroys their life solely so that she impart look like a successful person at the caller given by the Ministry of Education. It ends in disaster as the necklace is lost. After being passed over for several promotions, Ivan was send to a remote outpost in the country, where he quickly fell into boredom and ennui. He and so unexpended his family to go guts to his Petrograd post, because high society is the only place he felt comfortable. His sociable cues came from that society.After falling while decorating his housedecorating solely for the approbation of the same societyhe unquestionable what appears to be cancer, and quickly died, mirroring the life and death of Aurora in Term s. The will cannot bring happiness and tender-hearted life often has a rhythm of its consume that cannot be controlled by the state, kind institutions or an protective mother. It is in this interval that he meets Gerasim, a simple peasant without pretense or guile, the opposite of Ivan (148). Gerasim was Ivans assistant when he was ill.Gerasim cared not for society, yet for the simple hard work that typified the peasant. He was a indispensable man rather than Ivan, the artificial one. barely in Chapter IX is where a voice begins to speak to Ivan, speak to him about life. Happiness is based on simplicity, not on the worship of the status quo and the domination of social norms. The artificial world of high society was not joyous, solely merely a set of obligations. And that caustic official life, and anxiety about money and so for one year, and two, and ten, and twenty, al ports the same thing (157).But this was the life of success, of high society, of the elite and it failed to make Ivan happy. The move from childhood, with its simple joys, to that artificial world of elite maturity date was correlated with the falsity of his happiness and the deadening of joy. This is also to be seen in Araby, where children are the only ones left with imagination as they come of age. The complex and hypocritical world of high society deadened him and his life. This bosh about a dying man looking at his life seems to be well read, but never heeded.Ivan is all of us who equate success with money and social standing, who view childhood as trivial and the approbation of institutions as central. Ivan conformed his entire life, from his marriage to political views, around what was dominant in high society. In this process, he was successful, but not happy. If anything, the two concepts exist in an inverse relation. Success in modern life is not a happy life. It is unhappy because ultimately, it is one set of obligations after another. currency is always a probleminvestme nts, the market, inflation, taxes, economic cycles all contribute to the anxiety of all but the most wealthy of moderns. Social life, as in Ivan, is a bore, with a set round of obligatory social relations and gatherings, all of which seem to set the success class apart from the commoners. But Ivan, through the spokesperson of Gerasim, sees that the simple peasant, the agriculturalist, without the social obligations of the Petrograd lawyer, is happy, joyful and finds a great deal of satisfaction in labor and its shake aspects so common in elicit work.But labor, in modern life, is something to be avoided rather than embraced and farm work is seen as backward in the prejudice of moderns. In the film Terms of Endearment, the parallels are shrewd, but present. Aurora is the protective mother, always concerned for the ultimate happiness of her daughter, Emma. Onces Emmas initial romance fails, and Aurora seems pushed out of her life, the latter finds romantic comfort with a married, successful man, a banker, surface-to-air missile Burns. At the same time, Aurora, after remaining sexless for many years, has a whirlwind relationship with an ex-astronaut, Garrett Breedlove.It is hard to see the placement of the false society here, as is the case with The Necklace and A Good Man. Both Emma and her mother unrecorded indoors the false society of modern life, believing that sex and finding the right man will bring happiness. Virtue is not mentioned, nor the life of the mind, but happiness is defined solely in consider of an other, a romantic, sexual relationship that is supposed to make people happy. Both characters, Aurora and Emma, are detain and the free sex that exists throughout the movie is a conformist device, not a rebellious one.If anything, the fact that Aurora dies of cancer tells her that happiness cannot be found in this life, for even if Aurora was right all along, and Emma was her best friend, she still would have died a miserable death. Having sex with the drunken Breedlove has changed nothing. This film seems to be a set of negative examples overprotection does not lead to protected children, and sex does not lead to happiness, nor does romance. If anything, it is a veiled attack on the modern obsession with the sexually carnal, that promises pleasure and happiness but ordinarily ends with emptiness.Such is also the final scene in Araby, where the fair itself, symbolizing all sexual and sensual, is a disappointment. The build up the young boy has created in himself was far too high for actual reality. stir is modern life is often considered this Holy Grail of acceptance that often leads to disappointment. The Necklace, a short storey by Guy de Maupassant, has far more parallels with Tolstoy than Terms. The single reality is that the necklace is part of the world of falsity within which Ivan and his ilk live.The very fact that the necklace itself is a cheap fake is part of the schemeit matters not if the inclination is ge nuine, it does its job of making the world think that you belong and that youre part of the successful club. The obligation that Ivan finds in his life is mirrored in the couples having to work for a decade to repay the allege price of the genuine necklace, which never even existed. The necklace is the ultimate attack on the falsity of successful lifethe necklace exists solely to convince others of something, but it is not even real.At the same time, the labor that has gone into remunerative for the non-existent real necklace speaks of the waste and profligacy of the wealthy, who normally pay huge sums for such trinkets, and call it happiness or success. The young boy in Araby though that his love interest and the fair at Araby would provide this. alone these sorts of things provide is emptiness. A Good Man is Hard to Find is a far more subtle work, centering around a self-centered grandmother that speaks of The Misfit, a killer who is allegedly making his way though to Florida, where her family wants to go on vacation.The family eventually makes their way to Tennessee where, in an accident caused by a concealed cat, the disabled car is sat upon by the Misfit and his group, who eventually capital punishments the entire family when the grandmother yells out that the Misfit is here, hence, necessitating the Misfits murder of his identifiers. There is a hint that the Misfit is in fact the grandmothers son, and the grandmother, possibly attempting to save her own life, attempts to calm of Misfit by touching him, which leads to a scene where the murderer hesitates, but soon steps back to shoot her.It seems that Terms and Good man are highly parallel, showing an overprotective parent want happiness in all the wrong places. Where The Necklace and Ivan are centered around the concept of falsity and the lies and hypocracy of modern life and its arbitrary definition of success. All four are concerned with happiness broadly speaking, but only Tolstoy holds out the hope for any real happiness, a happiness that can only be gained by simplicity and a return to the land. Modern behaviors cannot understand this.